11/11/09

The Marine Animal Rescue Team's Jeff Corwin Experience!

Yesterday we had a special visit from Jeff Corwin. He came by to take a look at our turtles and hang out for a small while at the aquarium. Jeff has recently finished filming a new documentary for MSNBC, airing on November 22, and he has just had a new book published called 100 Heartbeats: The Race to Save Earth's Most Endangered Species which tells of the plight of many of the world's most endangered species.

Melissa, Jeff and myself drawing blood on Bandelier.

His visit to our Kemp's ridley sea turtle named Bandelier makes perfect sense since Kemp's ridleys are critically endangered and their habitat could easily be decimated by human encroachment and/or global warming. It was very interesting to hear Jeff talk about his experience with hawksbill sea turtles in Indonesia. The tiny population of about 800 hawksbill sea turtles that remain in those waters are illegally hunted for their meat, eggs and shells. The contrast of these photos shows how serious the situation has become.


Left is a hawksbill sea turtle in its natural habitat (Photo: seaturtle.net). Right is a picture of hawksbill sea turtles that were hunted, killed and later confiscated in Indonesian waters (Photo: wildlife extra news).

Jeff was very interested in Bandelier's little stump-like rear flippers.


You can see Jeff looking at Bandelier's rear flippers. This turtle has a congenital issue where both flippers end at the tibia and fibula.

While we discussed the plight of Bandelier, it helped us to look at the bigger picture for the conservation of this and other species of sea turtles. As temperatures rise not only do we have to worry about nesting beaches being lost to rising sea water level but we also have to be concerned about the core nest temperature. The sex of a sea turtle is determined by the nest temperature. As temperatures rise so to will those core temperatures producing only female sea turtles. You can learn more about the effects of climate change on sea turtle populations on the Aquarium's climate change pages.

Sea turtle hatchlings heading to open ocean at Boavista Island (Photo: Daniel Cejudo).

Next Thursday, Bostonians will have an opportunity to meet Jeff Corwin at the New England Aquarium. Even if you can't make the lecture, you can stop by and get a copy of Jeff's new book signed.

-Adam

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3/2/09

Cold stunned hybrid sea turtles

MH-08-151-Hy: Our sole hybrid turtle this stranding season.
It is likely a cross between a loggerhead and Kemp's ridley sea turtle.

In Dr. Innis' 2008 cold stun season summary report he mentioned we had one hybrid sea turtle. For those of you not aware of hybrids they are the offspring of two separate species. Probably the most famous hybrid is the mule, an offspring of a female horse and male donkey. Typically hybrids are sterile however there have been some cases of hybrid sea turtles producing fertile eggs.

This year's hybrid sea turtle we guess is a cross between a Loggerhead turtle and a Kemp's ridley turtle. We will not now the exact species until we get genetic results back from this turtle. With that information we will be able to tell which species was the mom and which species was the dad.

So ... how can we tell that a turtle is a hybrid? After seeing so many turtles that come in extremely debilitated we will occasionally see an animal whose appearance does not look quite right. It may have a body that looks like a loggerhead but th e face has a bit of ridley to it. Or possibly a turtle that looks like a green sea turtle but has overlapping scutes like a hawksbill. After some debate amongst staff and volunteers on whether or not we think a sea turtle might be a hybrid we then set off to determine hybridization by counting different sets of scutes. Scutes are the bony "scales" on the sea turtle. Each species has varying numbers and qualities of scutes.

The turtle on the right is a hybrid Hawksbill/Green sea turtle. One of the giveaways is that the scutes are overlapping. We use an identification key to help us determine which turtle has which set of scutes. Do they overlap, what coloration, how many scutes should the turtle have? Seaturtle.org has a great identification key and it can be found at here (pdf) . You can see from the turtle, 02-833-Hy, there are only 4 costal scutes (the larger scutes that run on either side of w here the "backbone" would be) this is indicative of a green or hawksbill sea turtle but when you look at the prefrontal scutes on the head this is not what a green sea turtle or hawksbill would have. The head looks very much like a loggerhead. After getting genetics back on this turtle we found out the mother was a loggerhead and the father was a green sea turtle.

MH-02-833-Hy is a hybrid of a Loggerhead and a Green sea turtle.

The one hybrid from 2008 is still recuperating at the University of New England's Marine Animal Rehabilitation Center in Biddeford, Maine. From reports it is doint well and getting ready to be released this summer

-Adam

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