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Ethylene oxide sterilization of acoustic transmitters for surgical implantation
By Charles J. Innis
Originally published in Animal Biotelemetry in November 2025
Abstract
Surgically implanted acoustic transmitters have provided substantial insight into aquatic wildlife ecology. While there is debate over the necessity of transmitter sterilization prior to implantation, some investigators and regulatory bodies may require it. Methods of sterilizing acoustic transmitters have not been well described. Sterilizing such transmitters by autoclave is not recommended due to the associated high temperature and pressure, which may cause physical damage. However, gas sterilization methods that occur at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure may be considered.
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